The Baikal IJ-70 (Makarov) Pistol By Chuck Hawks Photo courtesy of Gun Broker. 'Baikal' is the name of a large lake in Siberia. It is also the trade name of Ishevsky Mechanichesky Zavod (SUP IMZ), a large Russian arms and ammunition manufacturing plant founded in 1942 as part of the Russian National Defence Industry. This was the darkest year of the Second World War in Soviet Russia, and guns were desperately needed to fight the invading Germans. European American Armory (EAA) of Sharpes, Florida is the exclusive importer of Baikal products at the time of this writing. The Russian-made Baikal IJ-70 pistol is often referred to simply as the 'Makarov.'
[Archive] Makarov & MD Handgun Roster Handguns. After the circle 10 is the Serial letters, 2 numbers which is hte date code. All IJ70 models are listed there under 'Manufacturer' named 'Baikal or IMEZ' in the MD roster. Dec 24, 2007 - I notice there are serial numbers on the left side of the pistol above the grip. The left side grip has a star and the word, 'Baikal' in quotes.
I call it 'The gun that lost the East,' since it was the service sidearm of the Soviet Union throughout the Cold War. At present the IJ-70 is not being imported into the U.S., having been discontinued in 1996 What we have here is basically a Russian copy of the famous Walther PP (Police Pistol), which was widely used all over Europe by both Police and civilians at the time the leaders of the Soviet Union decided to replace their aging Tokarev service pistol. The new pistol was to serve as the duty sidearm of the various branches of the military, as well as the police, the KGB, and all other government agencies. It would become the service standard for the entire Soviet Union and its satellites. Locked breech designs were rejected in favor of a simple blow back mechanism in order to hold down manufacturing costs.
The result was the adoption of the famous Makarov pistol, which is a slightly simplified Walther PP with an enlarged trigger guard. Russian cops and soldiers need to be able to reach the trigger while wearing heavy winter gloves. It was chambered for a Russian version of the.380 ACP (9x17mm or 9mm Kurz) cartridge, since that was the most powerful round that the basic Walther PP design could accommodate. The new Russian cartridge used an odd diameter.364' (approximately 9.2mm) bullet in a case 1mm longer than the.380's, and became known as the 9mm Makarov or 9x18.
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Ballistically it remained a near twin of the.380 ACP. Like the PP, the Makarov pistol has a fixed barrel, a plus for accuracy. It is a conventional double-action/single action semi-automatic pistol with a hammer drop safety on the left side of the slide (up for 'safe' and down for 'fire'). The Mak has a rebounding hammer, and it is safe to carry an IJ-70 with the safety off and the hammer lowered over a chambered cartridge. The IJ-70 is a smallish service pistol, about the size of a Glock 19 in height and length, but slimmer due to its single stack magazine.
The steel magazine holds 8 cartridges and is released by a European style heel clip. The empty weight is.73 kg (about 25 ounces). Most of the various Communist countries produced Makarov pistols locally in their own factories. Quality and workmanship varies depending on the country of manufacture.